Reaction of Epiphyseal plates to disorders and injuries

1. Generalized reactions of all epiphyseal plate

a. Generalized increase in growth (gigantism)

1) Arachondactyly/ hyperchondroplasia/ Marfan’s Syndrome

2) Pituitary Gigantism

b. Generalized decrease in growth (dwarfism)

1) Achondroplasia

2) Pituitary dwarism (Lorain type)

3) Rickets

2. Localized reactions of an epiphyseal plate

a. Localized increase in growth

1) Chronic inflammation

2) Displaced fracture

3) Congenital Arteriovenous Malformations

b. Localized decrease in growth

1) Disuse retardation

2) Physical Injury

3) Thermal Injury

4) Ischemia

5) Infection